How to Use OC Spray Properly – Avoid These 5 Common Mistakes

Updated: Mar 29

Red and white OC spray can on an orange floor with black handprint and footprints. Background text: "Eight Point Solutions."

Introduction

OC (Oleoresin Capsicum) spray, commonly known as pepper spray, is an effective non-lethal self-defense tool used by civilians, security professionals, and law enforcement. However, improper use can reduce its effectiveness and even lead to unintended consequences. In this guide, we’ll break down how to use OC spray correctly and the top five mistakes to avoid to ensure maximum protection and legal compliance.

What is OC Spray?

OC Spray is a defensive tool made from capsaicin, the active component in chili peppers. It causes an immediate inflammatory response, temporarily incapacitating attackers by inducing:

Severe eye irritation (causing involuntary closure)
Burning sensation on skin and mucous membranes
Difficulty breathing and coughing

OC spray is available in various delivery methods:

Stream – Targeted and precise, less affected by wind.
Cone/Fog – Covers a larger area, but can affect bystanders.
Foam/Gel – Sticks to the target and reduces blowback.

5 Common OC Spray Mistakes to Avoid

1. Improper Aiming and Deployment

Mistake: Spraying in the wrong direction or at an ineffective distance.

Correct Method:

Aim for the face (specifically, the eyes and nose for maximum impact).
Keep a safe reactionary distance of 4-6 feet to prevent retaliation.
Use short, controlled bursts (1-2 seconds) instead of prolonged spraying.
Maintain situational awareness to avoid hitting unintended targets.

2. Not Practicing Before Use

Mistake: Fumbling with the canister during an emergency.

Correct Method:

Practice using an inert training spray to develop muscle memory.
Know the safety mechanism and activation method of your specific OC spray.
Ensure you can quickly deploy the spray under stress.

3. Spraying Upwind and Causing Self-Contamination

Mistake: OC spray drifting back onto the user due to wind conditions.

Correct Method:

Always check wind direction before deploying.
If in a confined space, be prepared for some secondary exposure.
Move laterally while spraying to reduce exposure risk.

4. Not Having a Backup Plan

Mistake: Assuming OC spray alone will stop an attacker.

Correct Method:

Have a backup strategy (verbal commands, escape routes, additional defense tools).
Understand that some attackers (especially those under the influence of drugs or alcohol) may resist the effects of OC spray.
Be ready to move to safety immediately after deployment.

5. Failing to Maintain and Replace OC Spray

Mistake: Using expired or faulty spray that doesn’t work in an emergency.

Correct Method:

Check expiration dates regularly (most OC sprays last 2-4 years).
Shake the canister once a month and before each use to ensure even distribution.
Test-spray an inert training canister periodically to check nozzle function.

Legal Considerations for Using OC Spray

Laws regarding possession and use of OC spray vary by state. Important legal factors to consider include:

Legal Carry Restrictions – Some states limit canister size or require permits.
Use-of-Force Guidelines – OC spray should only be used in self-defense situations.
Incident Documentation – If used, report the incident as required by law or workplace policy.

Best Practices for Carrying OC Spray

Keep it easily accessible (avoid burying it in a bag or deep pockets).
Regularly check the safety lock to prevent accidental discharge.
Stay aware of your surroundings and avoid over-reliance on the spray.
Use verbal commands alongside OC spray deployment to deter threats.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Does OC Spray Work on Everyone?

No. Some individuals, especially those under the influence of drugs, alcohol, or extreme adrenaline, may resist the effects.

How Long Do the Effects Last?

Typically, 30-45 minutes, though residual effects can last longer without decontamination.

How Do You Decontaminate After Exposure?

Move to fresh air and allow natural ventilation.
Rinse eyes with cool water (avoid rubbing them).
Use non-oil-based soap on skin if needed.

Can I Carry OC Spray in All 50 States?

Most states allow OC spray, but laws vary regarding size limits and where it can be carried. Check local regulations before carrying.

What Should I Do After Spraying an Attacker?

Move to safety immediately.
Call 911 and report the incident.
Document details if required by law or workplace policy.

Final Thoughts

OC spray is a powerful self-defense tool, but proper use and training are essential for effectiveness. Avoid these common mistakes to ensure you can defend yourself confidently when needed.